Intelligence & Rationality (& Gender)
They correlate at r ~= +0.7 (and women score worse). Test reliability is usually also often underestimated.
In their book [1], which was supposed to be an attack on IQ for not being the same thing as rationality, Stanovich, West, and Toplac came up with a formal test of rationality (the CART) to gauge people’s propensity to incorrectly use mental heuristics or think in biased ways. However, their own data (table 13.11) found performance on their “Comprehensive Assessment of Rational Thinking” (CART) test to correlate with IQ at r = +0.713, [1, Table 13.11]:
NOTE: The result to pay attention to is the correlation of the full-form CART with ability composite 4 in the Turk sample. As opposed to composite 3, which was just based on an analogies subtest, word checklist subtest, and antonyms subtest summed together, composite 4 improves upon it by adding SAT scores into the mix. Samples from Amazon’s Mechanical Turk have also repeatedly been shown to yield more representative results than the kinds of convenience samples often used in psychological research [2, 3, 4, & 5]. The full-form CART is also the longer test and so should have higher reliability.
Within the MTurk sample, (N = 231 men, 166 women) women also scores 0.52 standard deviations lower than males in rationality on the full-form CART:
We also have a couple other things lining up with these general results:
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